Sítio Novo Journal is a publication of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Tocantins (IFTO). It is registered under the e-ISSN: 2594-7036. The journal is multidisciplinary. The journal aims to disseminate and promote the results of scientific studies and research developed at IFTO, as well as research conducted by national and international authors or research groups. It publishes original, unpublished works that address relevant topics across various fields of knowledge, preferably those related to the scientific and technological development of Brazil. Manuscripts are received on a rolling basis, and submissions are accepted exclusively online through the journal’s website. All submission and publication processes are free of charge. Scientific publications are released on a continuous publication basis and consist of an editorial section and research papers. The accepted types of scientific work include: Scientific Article Technical Note Templates required for submission (Microsoft Word format): Scientific Article Technical Note Supplementary documents required for submission: CRediT Authorship Statement Conflict of Interest Declaration Open Science Compliance Form [Click here to start your submission.] Publication History of Sítio Novo Journal From the second semester of 2017 to 2019 Frequency: Semiannual Composition: Editorial and articles From 2020 to 2024 Frequency: Quarterly Composition: Editorial and articles From 2025 onward Frequency: Continuous (articles are published as soon as they are ready) Composition: “Expediente” and articles Change: The editorial has been replaced by the "expediente," which will be published at the end of the issue, in December.
It allows sharing, adaptation, and use for any purpose, including commercial use, provided proper attribution is given to the authors and to Revista Sítio Novo. The authors declare that the work is original and has not been previously published, in whole or in part, except on recognized preprint servers, if declared, and that no other similar manuscript authored by them is published or under review by another journal, whether printed or electronic. They declare that they have not violated or infringed upon any proprietary rights of others, and that all citations in the text are factual or based on research with scientifically significant accuracy. The authors retain the copyright of the manuscripts published in this journal, allowing unrestricted use of their content, provided that the original authorship and the publication source are properly cited.
Playgrounds in perspective: how vegetation mitigates the climate in different scenarios
In the current climate change scenario, vegetation is increasingly essential for conscious adaptations regarding thermal comfort in cities. Analyses of the urban microclimate using technologies applied to urban and environmental planning are relevant for evidence-based decision-making and, thus, providing adequate thermal conditions for users. This study aims to examine the microclimate of two playgrounds in the city of Naviraí-MS based on studies of the direct relationship between thermal attenuation and the presence of vegetation. For data collection, data loggers were used to measure air temperature and relative humidity. Computer simulations were then performed using the ENVI-met 5.6.1 software, complemented by information collected by the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET). The results of this study demonstrated that areas with a greater presence of vegetation have lower temperatures and higher relative humidity, compared to predominantly paved areas. It is concluded that, based on the study of predictability scenarios, vegetation can contribute to reducing temperatures.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jéssica Caroline Santos Mello, Camila Amaro de Souza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Research ethics committees of Federal Institutes: A preliminary study
The principle of the inseparability between teaching, research, and extension was established for universities in the 1988 Constitution and later extended to Federal Institutes through their founding legislation. Pacheco (2015) emphasizes the significance of research in achieving the objectives for which the Federal Institutes of Education, Science, and Technology were created, with research being intrinsically linked to teaching and extension activities. When research involves human subjects, the ethical review of such research is crucial to safeguarding the rights of individuals, particularly those in vulnerable situations, as emphasized by Kottow (2008). This study aims to succinctly demonstrate the necessity of ethical evaluation in research and to discuss some of the reasons behind the existence of regulatory frameworks, drawing upon historical, bibliographical, and documentary analysis. An overview will be provided regarding the ethical validation processes of research projects within the Federal Institutes, with a particular focus on those operating outside the CEP/CONEP system. The importance of establishing institutional ethics committees in research-active institutions will be highlighted. The ethical principles discussed align with those outlined by Kottow, Alves, Teixeira, and Lopes. The findings indicate that, of the 38 existing Federal Institutes, 27 have Research Ethics Committees accredited by the CEP/CONEP system. Among the remaining institutes, three have committees dedicated to ethical analysis of research conducted outside the CEP/CONEP system. Five are in the process of establishing such committees at various stages, while the remaining three institutions do not provide information on their websites regarding the establishment of ethics committees. These institutes recommend that researchers comply with CNS Resolution 196/96 and, when necessary, submit their protocols directly to CONEP for review.
Copyright (c) 2025 Leandro Rafael Pinto, Yara Fernanda Felix da Silva de Sena https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The socioeconomic development of municipalities belonging to the Intermediate Geographic Region of Chapecó: a comparative analysis
This article aims to present the construction and analysis of a Socioeconomic Development Index for the municipalities that form the Intermediate Geographic Region of Chapecó, based on information on 15 economic and social variables, extracted from a database from different research institutes, considering the years 2000 and 2010 as a reference. The intermediate Geographic Region Chapecó is one of 7 intermediate regions in the state of Santa Catarina, created in 2017 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, made up of 109 municipalities. The study of the socioeconomic development of a region is of fundamental importance, as, among other benefits, it enables the identification of territorial realities, the measurement of social and economic inequalities and, therefore, the monitoring of transformations in time-space. The Socioeconomic Development Index was prepared using Factor Analysis, with verification using the Bartlett and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin tests, establishment of factor scores and hierarchy. The results indicate the Socioeconomic Development Index for each municipality in the region, classifying them as high, medium and low, in each period analyzed. When comparing the periods, it was observed that there was an increase in the proportion of municipalities with development considered high, in the same way that there was an increase in the number of municipalities with low socioeconomic development, while the number of municipalities with medium development was reduced. The construction of the Socioeconomic Development Index, in this way, provides the opportunity, in addition to measuring and monitoring development, to understand its spatial and territorial trends, and can serve as a tool for planning and implementing development strategies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ebenezer Dorneles Silva, Sheila Crisley de Assis, Alcione Talaska https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Digital influence on the clothing purchase decision process of graduate students at a federal institute
This research aimed to understand the role of digital influencers from Passos (MG) in the purchasing decision-making process and clothing selection of undergraduate students at IFSULDEMINAS – Passos Campus. To this end, a qualitative and descriptive approach was used. Data were collected through a questionnaire with objective and essay questions. Data systematization was performed using descriptive statistics and content analysis (CA) techniques. The evidence found indicates that consumption satisfies people's daily needs, being influenced by cultural, social, personal and psychological factors. The purchasing decision-making process occurs in five stages: problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision and post-purchase behavior. Influencer marketing is a priority for brands due to its positive return, since consumers trust social recommendations more than traditional marketing communications. This strategy has become relevant because digital influencers have the power to influence consumers' purchasing decisions, especially those of the Millennial and Z generations, who are highly connected to social media. However, it is essential that companies choose influencers strategically, aligning them with the target audience and the brand image. Regarding the analysis of the perception of digital influencers among the university public, it is worth noting that most participants do not know influencers in the city and, therefore, do not follow them.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Bárbara Correa Lemos, João Francisco Sarno Carvalho, João Marcos Fernandino Evangelista, Júlio Cézar da Silva, Alyce Cardoso Campos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Characterization of the pequi production chain in the extreme north of Tocantins
The pequi fruit (Caryocar brasiliense) is of great importance for the diet of traditional, urban communities and family farmers who have this extractive activity as an important source of income, as is the case in the municipality of Araguatins/TO. To analyzing the extractive activity of pequi is necessary to understand the participation of this production chain in the family income composition and in the strategy of social reproduction of agriculture. Thus, the objective of this article is to characterize the pequi production in the extreme north of Tocantins (municipality of Araguatins and nearby rural communities). This research has a quantitative and qualitative approach, of an applied nature. According to its objectives, it is characterized as descriptive research, and, according to its procedures, it is a case study. For data collection, through prior convenience sampling, standardized interviews were carried out in the municipality and nearby rural communities, as well as in some neighborhoods and sectors (Vila Nova Araguatins, Vila Miranda, Vila Cidinha, Avenida Araguaia, Feira Ecosol, Feira Municipal) and in the Transaraguaia, Macaúba and Mata-Velha communities, where 59 people were interviewed. It was found that the pequi fruit consumed and sold is almost entirely collected in Araguatins, and is an important source of income for analyzed families in the research. In general, it is concluded that the pequi extractive chain in Araguatins/TO, under the conditions explored, constitutes a source of income with the potential to be organized, for example, through a cooperative. Thus, the supply of products based on the fruit will be a way to value and diversify production.
Copyright (c) 2025 Brenno Alef Barroso Sousa, Erica Ribeiro de Sousa Simonetti, Leandro Oliveira Campos, Miguel Camargo da Silva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Challenge and Perspectives of Sociology in Portuguese-speaking African Countries (PALOP)
The present work addresses some of the challenges faced by the Portuguese-speaking African Countries (PALOP) in consolidating Sociology as a relevant field of knowledge, both at the university and school levels. To achieve this, we draw upon a few existing literature and interviews with African educators and students. In these emerging nations, higher education and Sociology remain relatively new and lack institutional support. The limited state investment, inadequate infrastructure, academic cooperation difficulties, and linguistic barriers further complicate the process. It is crucial to seek synergy among these countries through the exchange of experiences and international cooperation, including with Brazil. Strengthening the discipline also depends on cooperation between educators and students in a collective effort to enhance its academic presence.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rodrigo de Souza Pain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Contesting: software to stimulate critical thinking, engagement and promote autonomy in professional and technological education
Technological innovations directly influence the way society lives, and within this sphere of influence, education is also impacted. In this context, this paper presents the application of an educational software in which students create and answer objective questions for one another, based on the content taught in class. The use of information technology as the foundational element of this educational product serves a dual purpose: it optimizes the time required for the activity and simultaneously captures the interest of the target audience. The software was implemented in professional and technological education classes at the Lagoa da Confusão campus of the Federal Institute of Tocantins. To gather data, individual questionnaires were administered to students and teachers to collect their perceptions of the software’s use. As a practical result, the software was identified as an effective tool for fostering both meaningful and engaging learning experiences.
Copyright (c) 2025 Plínio Cardoso de Oliveira, Wallysonn Alves de Souza, José Robson Mariano Alves https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A systematic review of ferronickel slag in cement-based materials as binder and aggregate
This review analyses studies regarding the use of ferronickel slag (FNS) as a partial replacement for binder and partial or total replacement for fine aggregate in cement-based materials in a systematic way. To this effect, the chemical composition of FNS was described, as well as its effect on pastes, mortars and concretes regarding fresh and hardened state properties such as compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths and modulus of elasticity. Setting times and chloride ion related durability was also analysed. Generally, it was found that fine aggregate FNS in partial replacements tends to improve the mechanical properties, while reducing workability. FNS as a binder reduced the compressive strength in most samples, but at certain proportions and situations might still be of interest for use in civil construction. Chloride ion penetration was in most cases reduced with the presence of FNS in the mix.
Copyright (c) 2025 Walter Jacobelis Neto, Rafael Vancini Schimith Berghe, Cezar Augusto Casagrande, Ronaldo Pilar, Rudiele Aparecida Schankoski https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Issues of the Generative Artificial Intelligence solutions related to education professionals
The following manuscript aims at problematizing Artificial Intelligence (AI), in the contemporary social environment and specifically Generative AI (GenAI) in the educational field. Focusing on the conceptions of the terms and problematizing their use in the elaboration of the teaching resources. Initially, we introduce the social environment where we’re inserted, based on the works of Han (2017) and Rosa (2022). As a research methodology, we opted for a qualitative, interpretivist approach considering that it covers several sources and various forms of interpretative practises that aim to reach different perspectives of visibility.of the phenomenon being researched. The research also includes bibliographical studies and documentary analysis. We take for consideration articles featured in several newspapers to problematize GenAI. Through the lens of Boa Sorte’s (2024), Kaufman’s (2022), Santaella’s (2023), and others’ works, we discuss the contents of the selected materials. As a result, we evidentiated that GenAI shows limitations, not all entries are trustful, besides errors, there could be biased texts. Regarding this, it’s essential the development of a critical literacy for the technological resources.
Copyright (c) 2025 Henrique dos Santos Mosciaro, Daniela Sayuri Kawamoto Kanashiro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Ableism in the Professional and Technological Education of people with ASD: challenges and perspectives
Ableism is a form of discrimination against people with disabilities and, due to its strong presence in the school environment, it can hinder the educational development of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study aims to analyze the perspectives of higher education students at a public institution in the northern region of Brazil who have been diagnosed with ASD, as well as the effects of ableist practices in the school environment that may have interfered with their academic and personal performance. To this end, qualitative, exploratory, and applied research was conducted through Google Forms questionnaires administered to these students. For data analysis, Bardin’s content analysis method was used. The results indicate that ableist attitudes were present in the school lives of these students during their educational journey, and that these attitudes affected them both personally and academically.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alana Macêdo Silva, Mary Lúcia Gomes Silveira de Senna, Rivadavia Porto Cavalcante, Weimar Silva Castilho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Information and Communication Technologies in Science and Biology Teaching: Difficulties and Possibilities
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) offer a variety of resources that can and should be used as didactic-pedagogical tools in the teaching of Science and Biology and other areas, becoming indispensable for the modern, dynamic and attractive teaching and learning process for the current generation of digital natives or not. Technology is increasingly present in human coexistence spaces, becoming an applicable resource in the teaching and learning processes and general training of all, sparking analyzes regarding the need for diversification of technological resources to be applied to provide the acquisition of skills and abilities in the most varied areas of knowledge. This work aimed to describe the challenges, possibilities and importance of using ICTs in teaching Science and Biology. Considering the research methodology, its modality is theoretical, qualitative and descriptive through the bibliographic review method, with the technique of surveying published articles, books and other texts on the topic, in the repositories Google Scholar, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Capes Periodical Portal, newspaper websites or blogs by authors who address the topic of ICTs applied to teaching. As a result, we point out that there are still schools without infrastructure to teach with ICTs and teachers without training in ICTs for teaching, and, finally, we recommend that teachers look for websites, educational software, applications, courses, events and other means to take advantage of the ICTs, taking courses and participating in events in this area, aiming to improve their mastery of ICTs in teaching.
Copyright (c) 2025 André de Oliveira Moura Brasil, Lincoln Amaral https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Effects of the use of medicinal plants in inflammatory bowel diseases: an integrative review
The objective of the present study was to verify the therapeutic effects of the use of medicinal plants in inflammatory bowel diseases through an integrative review. The PubMed, SciElo and LILACS databases were used, using specific descriptors for the search and inclusion/exclusion criteria to define the scope of the research. Of the 2,488 articles found, only 25 were used to integrate the collection. Clinical research articles involving both humans and animals were selected. Medicinal plants were mostly used in the form of hydroalcoholic extract as well as in the form of suppositories, tea infusions, flour and pulp. Only one study failed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the extract used, however, all research showed significant benefits such as decreased weight loss, fecal bleeding, pro-inflammatory cytokines, leukocyte recruitment, disease activity and increased antioxidant activity. Medicinal plants can act as a complementary treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases by alleviating symptoms, increasing tissue healing and preventing the development of the disease, without causing side effects.
Copyright (c) 2025 Leonardo Augusto da Silva, Miguel Augusto Lopes Neto, Geovan Figueirêdo de Sá-Filho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Thermal comfort scenarios in Naviraí: The influence of afforestation in public playgrounds
Thermal comfort is essential for the quality of life in urban areas, especially in cities where temperatures can be high. The presence or absence of vegetation plays a crucial role in this scenario, as does the physical characteristics of the users. This study compares the thermal comfort index of the population of two playgrounds in Naviraí-Mato Grosso do Sul State, located in the Cumandaí Municipal Natural Park and in Sakae Kamitani Square. For data collection, the Hobo U10 Data Logger was used, which allows accurate measurements of temperature and relative humidity. The information obtained was analyzed using the ENVI-met 5.6.1 software and the focus was on the evaluation by BIO-met, which enabled the generation of data in PMV format related to users' thermal comfort. The results showed that Cumandaí Park provides an environment closer to the comfort zone for visitors, although both locations present thermal instabilities. In areas with vegetation, a significant improvement in thermal quality was observed, as evidenced by the maps. Simulations with ENVI-met and BIO-met show that afforestation is crucial for thermal comfort in urban areas, highlighting the need for its integration in urban and environmental planning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Camila Amaro de Souza, Karina Yumi Fukao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Development of the integrated system for monitoring and management of water resources in the state of Tocantins
The SIRHTO Managment system was developed with the aim of improving the monitoring and management of water resources in the State of Tocantins, providing the Secretaria do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos (SEMARH- State Department of Environment and Water Resources) with an integrated platform for data collection, analysis, and dissemination. Through integration with the HidroWeb API from the Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA-Brazil’s National Water Agency), the system allows the automated synchronization of data related to precipitation, river level, and flow, provided by the state’s telemetric stations. In addition, the system enables the manual input of additional data, complementing the information obtained from the API and ensuring a consolidated state database. The system also offers functionalities such as the automation of the Hydrometeorological Bulletin generation, previously done manually. Despite the advancements, the system faces challenges, such as the limitations of the HidroWeb API in terms of request volume and historical data availability However, the results show that the SIRHTO Managment has the potential to become a robust tool in supporting water resource management, with the possibility of expansion for integration with other systems and the incorporation of new modules.
Copyright (c) 2025 Josiley Dantas Batista, Judson Franciel Barros Silva, Albert Lennon Lima Martins https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of the simultaneity factor in photovoltaic systems for prosumers with different consumption patterns
Since the enactment of Law No. 14,300/2022, which updated the rules for distributed generation in Brazil, anyone who purchases a photovoltaic system connected to the grid must pay a portion of the energy tariff on the energy injected into the grid and offset. However, the energy generated during the day and consumed at the same time is exempt from any tariff, as it is not injected into the energy meter. Because of this, the so-called simultaneity factor, which represents the fraction of the energy generated that is consumed instantly by the prosumer unit (UP) itself, directly impacts the value of the energy bill and, consequently, the time to return on investment. This study aims to determine average simultaneity values ​​in UPs with different consumption patterns in the state of Tocantins and assess their impact on the time to return on investment. To this end, a case study is conducted with 86 UPs, classified into four distinct consumption profiles: Daytime, Nighttime, Full-time, and Nighttime with weekends (Nighttime+WEEKENDS). Energy consumption and generation data are collected at 30-day intervals over the course of a year and then processed using spreadsheets that calculated the simultaneity factor for each profile. Subsequently, a financial analysis is applied to estimate the return on investment time based on the average simultaneity rates of each consumption profile and the current tariff rules. The results indicate that UPs with predominantly daytime consumption have the highest simultaneity factors (average of 60%) and, consequently, the shortest return on investment times, although the difference between the profiles is not extremely significant. These findings reinforce the importance of considering the consumption pattern when planning photovoltaic systems.
Copyright (c) 2025 Murilo de Ávila Dilli, Brunno Henrique Brito https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Path to Market Consolidation: The Journey of an Entrepreneur in São Sebastião do Paraíso – MG
Gastronomic entrepreneurship has become a growing market opportunity, driven by the increasing demand for ready-to-eat meals and the advancement of digital delivery platforms. In this context, the present study aims to analyze the trajectory of a business located in São Sebastião do Paraíso – MG, which transitioned from the perfumery sector to the food industry. The methodology adopted was qualitative, based on the documentary analysis of the company's financial performance and interview with the entrepreneur. The results indicate significant revenue growth over the years, driven by a stronger digital presence, partnerships with delivery apps, and customer loyalty strategies. Among the main challenges identified are fluctuations in input prices, increasing competition, and the need for efficient financial management. As for opportunities, the expansion of the menu, investment in digital marketing, and the modernization of infrastructure stand out. It is concluded that the company keeps pace with industry trends, demonstrating adaptability and innovation. The study contributes by reinforcing the importance of strategic planning and service excellence to ensure the business’s sustainability and growth. These insights may serve as a reference for other food sector entrepreneurs seeking market consolidation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Carlos Henrique Mizael, Alyce Cardoso Campos, João Francisco Sarno Carvalho, Gustavo Clemente Valadares , Joyce da Cruz Teixeira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Assessment of learning in Physics teaching through comic books
This article, configured as a qualitative-descriptive research, aims to analyze the use of comics as an assessment instrument in the teaching of Physics, as a disruptive tool for the expression and engagement of students in the subject. For this, learning assessments were proposed in which students were instructed to create small comics, bringing together characters, narratives and physical concepts in the presentation/solution of problems they elaborated. At the end of this study, considering the assessment criteria adopted, it was noticed that the students were able to express in a coherent way the physical concepts under study, as well as to identify in a congruent way the occurrence of phenomena, problems and situations of everyday life, interpreting and solving in an assertive way the situations they elaborated.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kleber Saldanha de Siqueira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Economic and financial viability of sprayers: self-propelled and drones
This paper examines the economic and financial feasibility of sprayers used in agricultural production, focusing on self-propelled and drone-based models. The study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of these technologies under various operational scenarios. Data were gathered from technical reports and informal interviews with agribusiness experts. We used cash flow statements, statistical tools, and Microsoft Excel 2013® to simulate pessimistic, most likely, and optimistic scenarios. The financial feasibility was assessed using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback, and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). Monte Carlo simulation was applied to quantify the confidence level of the indicators considering model uncertainties. Results suggest that drones are more efficient in small areas requiring high precision and low operating costs, while self-propelled sprayers are more cost-effective on large farms due to scale and faster application time. However, limitations in drone payload and autonomy pose challenges in extensive fields. A hybrid strategy combining drones in specific areas and self-propelled sprayers on broader fields can enhance agricultural outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Walter Roberto Hernández Vergara, Renato Ferreira da Cruz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Active Methodologies in Virtual Learning Environments
Education has been changing due to the insertion of information technology into society's routine. Virtual learning environments have emerged as essential tools for providing and organizing materials and interaction between teachers, tutors, and students. Active methodologies aim to place students as protagonists in the knowledge development process, as well as to stimulate critical and creative thinking. Therefore, this research aims to provide a systematic literature review to identify active methodologies applied in virtual learning environments, enabling the direction of new research related to the topic and the identification of gaps in literature. A systematic literature review was used as a methodology, using searches in the Scopus database, as well as Mendeley Desktop and VOSviewer. As a result, recent research integrating active methodologies and virtual learning environments involves Game-Based Learning, Team-Based Learning, Flipped Classroom, and Project-Based Learning at the higher education level, and the most widely used platform is Moodle. The application of two methodologies that are little discussed in the literature was identified: Experiential Learning Theory and Passive, Active, Constructive, and Interactive.Social distancing was a recurring factor in motivating the application of active methodologies in virtual learning environments. As future work, it is suggested to expand the scientific article databases to be explored.
Copyright (c) 2025 Letícia Ribeiro Pinto de Oliveira, Ivo Sócrates Moraes de Oliveira, Edson Marcelino Alves https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
TecLibras: Use of Augmented Reality in Education
This study explores the use of Augmented Reality (AR) as a support tool in the teaching and learning process of the subject "Fundamentals of LIBRAS" (Brazilian Sign Language) at IFTO – Araguatins Campus. The main goal is to promote the use of innovative educational technologies, encouraging inclusion in LIBRAS learning both inside and outside the institution. Conducted over a period of three to six months, the study employed guided activities and observational assessments to evaluate students’ progress in utilizing AR resources. Among the materials developed—by student collaborators—were interactive booklets featuring LIBRAS content on the alphabet, numbers, and greetings, enriched with visual and digital components to enhance accessibility and dynamism in learning. These materials were disseminated to instructors and students, enabling the practical application of AR in classroom instruction. Interviews with students revealed that although many were already familiar with and appreciated AR, its use was still limited by factors such as age and professional demands. Nevertheless, students recognized AR as a valuable tool in the teaching-learning process, highlighting its potential to enhance understanding and promote greater engagement with the content. The findings underscore that AR, when integrated with inclusive teaching methodologies, contributes to more accessible, flexible, and participatory learning. This study highlights its transformative role in higher education and its positive impact on promoting inclusion and expanding access to knowledge.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kelly Luana Sousa Silva, Rogério Pereira de Sousa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Reclaiming culture and pedagogy in the fight against fascism
This text analyzes the contemporary crisis of democracy, arguing that it is no longer toppled by overt military coups but eroded from within through cultural and pedagogical mechanisms. It highlights how fascism today operates through digital technologies, social media, and cultural symbols that normalize cruelty, exclusion, and historical erasure. Culture is depicted not merely as a reflection of society but as an active battlefield where power shapes identities, desires, and common sense. Drawing on thinkers such as Gramsci, Hall, Adorno, and Mujica, the text emphasizes the vital role of culture and education as sites of both domination and resistance. The author critiques left-wing policy for underestimating the cultural dimension of political struggle, warning that without a cultural revolution grounded in solidarity, care, and critical pedagogy, democracy and civic conscience will be lost. The Trump era is portrayed as a manifestation of resurgent fascism marked by cruelty, corruption, and state terrorism, with culture deployed as a “disimagination machine” that sustains authoritarianism. The text concludes with a call to center culture and education in progressive politics, envisioning a transformative cultural politics capable of combating fascism and renewing democratic hope.
Copyright (c) 2025 Henry Armand Giroux https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Inclusive Education School and the evaporative air cooler system: case study at the State Model School in Araguaína/Tocantins
Due to increasing climate change and global warming, shared environments require devices that help mitigate high temperatures. In school settings, this need is even more critical, and the installation of evaporative air coolers—specifically the Aolan model (AZL06-ZC13B)—has been widely implemented in public and affiliated schools throughout the state of Tocantins, Brazil.. In this context, the objective of this study was to conduct a revealing case study on indoor air quality in classrooms at the State Model School, in Araguaína, Tocantins, between August 2022 and May 2023. To this end, a list of internal and external environmental factors was prepared, including the identification of the installed air cooler models, the hydraulic system, and the measurement of water volumes consumed by them; we also collected material and laboratory cultures to check for the presence of fungi in the surrounding air from twelve different units (in five classrooms and the kitchen). Finally, a literature review was carried out to identify potential human health risks based on the laboratory results. It was found that the installed evaporative air cooling system proved to be unsustainable from economic, environmental, and public health perspectives, due to: the high cost of water bills, the lack of systems for reusing discarded water, and the presence of pathogenic fungal agents of the Aspergillus genus.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Amélia Ferreira Sousa , Katiane Pereira Braga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Efficiency of MAP Purificado® and Intacto® Foliar Phosphatic on Soybean Yield
The use of soluble phosphate fertilizers applied foliar application can increase the amount of phosphorus available to the plant and increase the productivity of the crop planted. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of MAP Purificado® and Intacto® foliar phosphatic fertilizers on soybean yield. Both products contain 61% phosphorus and 12% nitrogen. The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of the Federal Institute of Tocantins – Colinas do Tocantins Campus. A randomized block design was used, consisting of six treatments and four replications. Purified MAP was assessed at doses of 1 kg.ha-1 and 2 kg.ha-1, while Intacto was applied at doses of 0.25 L.ha-1, 0.5 L.ha-1, and 1 L.ha-1, along with a control treatment without fertilization. The products were applied at the vegetative growth stages V4 and V8 of the soybean crop. The useful plot area was 6 m², where plant height, chlorophyll A and B content, thousand-grain weight, and crop yield per hectare were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) for mean comparison, followed by Tukey’s test at a 5% significance level, using the statistical software Speed Stat 2.7. Statistically, there was no sufficient evidence that all six treatments differed from each other. However, the 1 kg.ha-1 purified MAP treatment consistently outperformed the other treatments, producing six additional soybean bags compared to the control treatment. The doses tested in this study did not show any statistical difference for the variables analyzed. It is concluded that, under the conditions in which this study was carried out, both MAP Purificado® and Intacto® do not significantly interfere with soybean productivity factors.
Copyright (c) 2025 Esdras Henrique da Silva, Otávio André Bastos dos Santos, Gustavo Herom Bastos dos Santos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A macroscopic Brazilian view of the gaps in Special Education in the Inclusive Perspective (EEPI) in the context of Professional and Technological Education (EPT)
The genealogy and development of Professional and Technological Education (EPT) and Special Education from an Inclusive Perspective have historically been marked by exclusion, accentuation of social asymmetries and educational dualism. Thus, these modalities present convergences and interfaces because they were created to serve disadvantaged groups, providing forms of employment and job training for those who could negatively affect the capitalist system, to the detriment of the development of intellectual capacities, skills and competencies based on the omnilateral perspective. In view of this, this study aims to identify similarities and differences in the implementation of special education from an inclusive perspective, within Professional Technological Education (EPT), recognizing the gaps that need to be filled to guarantee an omnilateral education that respects the singularities of learners, at all levels and modalities. Given the above, the methodology employed was a combination of bibliographical and documentary research, based on a qualitative perspective, aimed at answering the guiding question: what are the existing limitations of Special Education from an Inclusive Perspective (EEPI) for application in Professional and Technological Education (EPT) in the teaching-learning process in contemporary times? In short, combining these two perspectives faces a range of challenges, including the lack of sufficient financial resources and inadequate teacher training.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ailton Batista de Albuquerque Junior, Sinara Socorro Duarte Rocha, Ana Cláudia Uchôa Araújo, Antonia Lis de Maria Martins Torres https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sensory Acceptance Analysis of a Mulberry-Based Chewing Gum as a Complementary Therapy for Menopause
Menopause causes hormonal changes that affect women's health and well-being, increasing the demand for natural therapies with fewer risks than Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). Mulberry (Morus nigra L.), due to its compounds with estrogenic potential, emerges as a promising alternative. This study evaluated the sensory acceptance of a mulberry-based chewing gum and investigated the relationship between HRT use, perceived safety, and interest in phytotherapy. Approved by the Ethics Committee (approval no. 6.780.608), the study included 15 women and used two instruments: a questionnaire on women's health (covering HRT, phytotherapy, and menopausal symptoms) and a hedonic scale for the sensory analysis of the gum (visual, olfactory, and tactile aspects), without ingestion. Statistical analysis employed frequency distributions and the Chi-Square test (p<0.05). The results revealed a significant association between HRT use and perceived safety (p=0.001), as well as between menopause and interest in phytotherapy (p=0.006). The gum received unanimous acceptance, especially for its pleasant aroma and appearance. The data suggest that mulberry deserves further investigation as a natural therapy for menopause, considering its chemical composition as reported in the literature. The gum demonstrated preliminary sensory feasibility; however, it is emphasized that the study assessed only perception, not therapeutic effects. Further research is needed to evaluate efficacy and safety.
Copyright (c) 2025 Renatta Cardoso da Silva, Alice Maria Cardoso Silva, Katia Paulino de Sousa, Lunalva Aurélio Pedroso Sallet https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Estudo comparativo da capacidade de adsorção do carvão ativado comercial e não comercial na remoção de nutrientes presentes em água do Rio Tapajós em Santarém-PA
A poluição causada em corpos hídricos, decorrente de atividades antrópicas, exige, cada vez mais, intervenções, soluções e alternativas que garantam a qualidade da água, das espécies aquáticas e, consequentemente, da saúde pública. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo principal comparar a capacidade de adsorção do carvão ativado, comercial e não comercial, na remoção de nutrientes específicos da água do Rio Tapajós, em Santarém-PA, sendo este corpo hídrico um importante recurso da Amazônia Brasileira. Para isso, foram analisados parâmetros físico-químicos, como turbidez, pH, amônia, nitrato, nitrito, ferro e fosfato, antes e após o tratamento com carvão ativado. A coleta foi realizada em dois pontos distintos: Praia da Vera Paz (P1) e Praia da UFOPA (P2). Os resultados mostraram que o carvão ativado comercial apresentou maior capacidade de adsorção na remoção dos nutrientes analisados. Destacamos uma significativa capacidade de adsorção da concentração de amônia tanto no carvão ativado comercial como do não comercial, com uma redução na concentração inicial de 0,89 mg/L para 0,24 mg/L no tratamento com carvão ativado comercial e de 0,56 mg/L com o carvão ativado não comercial. O carvão ativado não comercial, produzido de biomassa (caroço de açaí), destacou-se como alternativa sustentável, embora com menor capacidade de adsorção. Este estudo reforça a importância de soluções acessíveis e sustentáveis para tratamento de água, recomendando a continuidade das pesquisas no Rio Tapajós e ações de conscientização ambiental.
Copyright (c) 2025 Milene Farias de Sousa, Anna Raisa da Costa Alves, Lucinewton Silva de Moura https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Municipal performance in the issuance of Environmental Licenses and its effects on the local development of Corrente - PI
This paper discusses the municipal performance in issuing licenses and its impact on local development in Corrente - PI. The objective was to analyze how the environmental licensing process has been conducted at the municipal level and how it impacts the development of small businesses, identifying obstacles and opportunities. The methodology adopted was based on obtaining primary data from the Municipal Secretariat of Environment and Water Resources of Corrente, responsible for managing environmental licensing. The time frame from 2019 to 2024 allowed us to examine the evolution of local environmental policy in a period marked by regional economic growth. Quantitative data on the volume and nature of licenses issued were analyzed, as well as qualitative aspects related to the main challenges faced by public management. The results indicated that, although the municipality has made progress in organizing licensing processes, there are still structural difficulties, such as technical and institutional limitations, that affect the effectiveness of environmental management. It is concluded that strengthening municipal capacities, combined with simplifying procedures and promoting technical support for small businesses, is essential to ensure efficient environmental licensing aligned with the principles of sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mylena Timoteo de Souza, Thiago de Norões Albuquerque https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis and mapping of legal reserve areas on rural properties in the Amazon-Cerrado transition zone in the rural environmental registry of Bico do Papagaio/Tocantins
The Bico do Papagaio region, located in the northernmost part of the state of Tocantins, between the Araguaia and Tocantins rivers, encompasses 25 municipalities in an area of approximately 15,000 km². Rural properties in this region are subject to the obligation to maintain Legal Reserve Areas (LRA), as established by the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR). This study aims to analyze and map the LRA registered in CAR, focusing on rural properties located in the transition zone between the Amazon and Cerrado biomes in the Bico do Papagaio. Compliance with legal requirements, along with an exploratory study that included a bibliographic review of CAR regulations. Additionally, georeferenced information was used to identify transition areas between biomes, and remote sensing techniques and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were employed to map LRA on rural properties. The results revealed significant deficits in the Legal Reserve Area in several municipalities in the Bico do Papagaio region, indicating non-compliance with legal regulations for environmental protection. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective measures to promote land regularization and sustainable environmental management in the region. It is concluded that a joint effort among the government, civil society, and the private sector is essential to address these challenges and ensure the protection of natural resources and environmental sustainability in the Bico do Papagaio region and throughout the country.
Copyright (c) 2025 Celso Lucas Santos Gonçalves, Alice Maria Cardoso Silva, Daniel Ferreira dos Santos, Darcy Alves Bomfim, Leandro José de Oliveira Boaventura https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Reading practices in the pandemic and post-pandemic context: a portrait of the strategies applied in the early years of elementary education at the Laboratory School of the State University of Londrina
The Covid-19 pandemic imposed restructurings in different dimensions of society, significantly impacting the educational field. Social distancing measures required the emergency implementation of remote teaching, leading to the need to reorganize teaching and learning processes, with an emphasis on the reformulation of pedagogical practices. Given this context, the following question arises: what reading practices were applied during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods in the early years of elementary education at the UEL Laboratory School? The general objective is to identify the reading strategies employed by teachers in the early years of elementary education at the UEL Laboratory School during and after the pandemic. The methodological procedures adopted for this research involved bibliographic and field research with a qualitative data analysis approach. Among the main results, the following stand out: the use of digital books (PDF format); storytelling performed by the students themselves, mediated through the Google Meet platform, based on narratives previously read or heard; sharing excerpts from literary works during synchronous discussion circles; reading texts displayed on screen; and storytelling of original narratives produced by the teachers. In this context, reading is configured as a pedagogical tool that expands access to different knowledge, ideas, cultures, discursive genres, and sociocultural contexts, promoting investigation, exploration, reflection, interpretation, and the construction of meaning. Such practices contribute to the formation of children as critical readers, aware of their condition in the world, and protagonists in the production of new knowledge.
Copyright (c) 2025 Thais Christine de Oliveira da Silva, Luiz Gustavo Tiroli, Adriana Regina de Jesus Santos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Potential of Agave sisalana residues in the production of second-generation biofuels: a systematic review
Agave is widely cultivated in Brazil, with 96% of the plant being discarded as waste after fiber extraction. This biomass, rich in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, offers high potential for bioethanol production. This study aimed to analyze the technological pathways for converting Agave sisalana industrial residues into second-generation biofuels. A systematic review was conducted using the Scopus and Google Scholar databases, covering publications from 2015 to 2024. The following keywords were used: “agave and residues or biofuels and from and agave,” “agave residues,” and “sustainable processing Agave.” A total of 38 publications addressing pretreatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation processes for the conversion of Agave residues into biofuels were analyzed. The results demonstrated that Agave bagasse can be efficiently converted into ethanol through pretreatment methods such as autohydrolysis and steam explosion, achieving ethanol yields above 85%. However, the economic viability still faces challenges, especially related to the optimization of enzymatic cocktails and the integration of new technologies. It is concluded that sisal residues represent a sustainable solution for bioenergy production, thus contributing to the circular economy and the mitigation of environmental impacts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mirella Riva, Daiane Cecchin, Juliana Lobo Paes, Guilherme Benko Siqueira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Challenges in Electrodynamics in Medium Teaching
Technology and its different possibilities are important in electricity for the effectiveness and maintenance of processes, from the operation of conventional industrial machines and computerized automation and control systems to the provision of electrical energy for our houses and domestic appliances. The importance of the utility spectrum of electricity in the contemporary world, or rather its phenomenology, becomes increasingly important and significant in the face of current technological modernization, representing an important problem not in scientific education. Thus, this article, configured in a bibliographic study of a qualitative-narrative nature, aims to discuss, in a critical-reflexive manner, the current challenges faced by a professor of Physics not teaching Electrodynamics in the Middle School, with a view to the formation of subjects scientifically capable of explaining their concepts, at the same time actively intervening in them. practical everyday situations. For this purpose, searched and collected works are carried out on the CAPES Newspapers portal, published between 2019 and 2024, by means of search descriptors, inclusion criteria and analysis categories. From the bibliographic base gathered and the information analyzed, it was possible to identify determining aspects of the pedagogical practice of the Physics professor capable of carrying out or learning two concepts and principles of Electrodynamics, as well as elements that make this process difficult, making it necessary for the professor to precisely delimit his approach, valuing the discussion of problems technological, conceptual abstraction and use of potentially active methodologies such as gamification.
Communication as a part of the comprehensive education of students at the Cabo Frio Campus of the Fluminense Federal Institute (IFF)
This article presents the results of a master's research with the objective of investigating how it is possible to contribute to the integral education process of students at the Cabo Frio campus of the Fluminense Federal Institute through communication. To this end, the main Communication Theories and their relationship with the conceptual bases of Professional and Technological Education were studied. An educational product focused on communication was developed with the aim of contributing to the comprehensive education of students at two levels: that of students as readers and that of students participating in its construction, the digital magazine “What iff?”. This is an applied, qualitative and exploratory field research, carried out with students of the Electromechanics Technician course at the Cabo Frio campus of the Fluminense Federal Institute. The research was carried out in three stages. In the first, the participants answered a questionnaire with questions about their perception of communication on campus. Subsequently, the proposed educational product was constructed with the active participation of students from the campus, and finally, the educational product was presented to the students for evaluation with a new questionnaire. The magazine that was created covers topics of interest to the school community, such as information about the structure and operation of the campus, the campus’s history, cultural information, and scientific dissemination with experiments carried out by students. The research with the participants occurred as planned and the information obtained was important for the elaboration of the proposed educational product, which was well evaluated by them.
Copyright (c) 2025 Leonardo Pereira da Silva, Raphael Argento de Souza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The profile of incoming students in the integrated technical courses at the Porto Nacional Campus of IFTO
This article aims to understand the profile of incoming students in the first-year classes of technical courses at the Porto Nacional Campus of the Federal Institute of Tocantins (IFTO). To this end, a mixed-methods (qualitative-quantitative) methodology was adopted, as proposed by Creswell and Clark (2013), involving 99 students enrolled in integrated technical high school courses in Environment, Administration, and Internet Computing. Semi-structured questionnaires and interviews were used as data collection instruments. The theoretical framework was supported by authors such as Juarez Dayrell, who studies youth in contexts of social vulnerability; Bernard Charlot, who investigates students’ relationships with knowledge and school in popular contexts; Gaudêncio Frigotto, who addresses professional and technological education within capitalist social relations and Cipriano Luckesi, an expert in educational assessment. This study aims to contribute to understanding the profile of incoming students, supporting pedagogical interventions and institutional policies. It also suggests that future research should deepen investigations into course choice decisions, motivations for studying at IFTO, and subjects with higher or lower difficulties, aiming to improve student retention and academic success.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marilene Dantas Sepulvida, José Carlos da Silveira Freire https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Professional and Technological Education and the Teaching of Mathematics: Reflections on Strategies for the Development of Proficiency
Mathematics education in Brazilian basic education continues to face persistent challenges, as evidenced by low proficiency rates identified through large-scale assessments. These results compromise the development of student learning and exacerbate educational inequalities. This study aims to contribute to narrowing the learning gaps in Mathematics among first-year students enrolled in the Integrated Secondary Education program at a federal institute in the state of Tocantins. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, integrating the analysis of external assessment data, the application of diagnostic tests, and the investigation of students’ perceptions regarding their educational trajectories. The sample consisted of 68 students, and data were examined using content analysis techniques. Assessment is understood as a continuous process with diagnostic and formative functions, capable of guiding qualified pedagogical interventions. The findings indicate that systematic monitoring of learning, combined with methodologies that promote student agency and an environment of attentive listening, strengthens the Mathematics teaching process. It is concluded that effective teaching occurs when conceptual mastery is integrated with sensitivity to the human dimensions of education, fostering the development of a more equitable, stimulating, and meaningful school environment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Isabel Gomes Barbosa, Rodrigo Carvalho Dias https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of Four Spray Volumes for Fungicide Application in Soybean Cropping
The importance of reducing the spray volume of agrochemical applications and using adjuvants lies in the potential to lower application costs, reduce operational time, and minimize environmental impacts. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of fungicide application in soybean crops using different spray volumes with and without adjuvants. The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of the Centro Universitário da Grande Dourados, employing application volumes of 60, 80, 100, and 120 L ha-¹, combined with or without the use of adjuvants. The following parameters were evaluated: numerical median diameter (NMD), volumetric median diameter (VMD), percentage of covered area, relative span (RS), DV01 (μm), and DV09 (μm). The results showed that the 80 L ha-¹ volume combined with an adjuvant provided the highest covered area, with no significant differences compared to the higher volumes (100 and 120 L ha-¹). The 100 L ha-¹ volume resulted in the highest NMD value, indicating the presence of larger droplets. No statistically significant differences were observed in most parameters between treatments with and without adjuvant. It is concluded that reducing spray volume is a viable strategy in soybean cultivation when combined with the use of adjuvants. The addition of adjuvants improved spray coverage and deposition, ensuring greater uniformity across the upper, middle, and lower thirds of the plant canopy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Micael Peter Serafim, Sálvio Napoleão Soares Arcoverde, Jackeline Matos do Nascimento, Mateus Luiz Secretti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Brazil and India: a comparative analysis of the higher education institution market between countries
This article compares the evolution of higher education in Brazil and India, with an emphasis on the role of private institutions in expanding access. It is a documentary research study with an exploratory and comparative approach, based on secondary data from sources such as SciELO, Elsevier, UNESCO, INEP, and official government reports from Brazil and India. The analysis revealed that in both countries, the expansion of the private sector was crucial for increasing enrollments, although with distinct institutional structures: while Brazil presents a highly concentrated market dominated by large educational groups, India maintains a fragmented system with thousands of private colleges affiliated with public universities. The results show that, despite the significant growth in the number of seats, both systems face common structural challenges, especially regarding regulation, academic quality, equity in access, and public funding. It is concluded that quantitative expansion alone does not ensure an inclusive and high-quality educational system, making it necessary to rethink regulatory models and investment strategies in both countries.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sérgio Moreno Lopes Ferreira, Roney Versiani Sindeaux, Breno Henrique Souza Jorge https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Profile of consumers of pork sold in the city of Dianópolis, Tocantins
The study analyzed the profile of pork consumers in the municipality of Dianópolis, Tocantins, aiming to understand consumption patterns and perceptions regarding this protein source. Data were collected from 405 randomly selected residents through questionnaires that addressed demographic aspects, consumption frequency, and beliefs about pork. The results indicate that 50.12% of respondents are male, and the largest age group (39.01%) is between 19 and 24 years old. Beef is the preferred protein for 61.02% of participants, while only 13.19% regularly consume pork. About 64.2% of respondents believe that pork is not harmful to health, although some consumers still hold misconceptions about disease transmission. The findings highlight the importance of awareness initiatives to address cultural myths and health concerns related to pork consumption.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wellington Barros dos Santos, Leidiane Reis Pimentel , Pamella Alves Barbosa , Cleidineia de Santos Souza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Effects of mulberry (Morus spp.) on the management of menopausal symptoms: An integrative review
Menopause is a transitional phase in a women's life, characterized by a reduction in estrogen and progesterone production, which triggers symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, insomnia, irritability, and metabolic changes, affecting quality of life. Due to the adverse effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT), interest in natural alternatives has increased, such as mulberry (Morus spp.), which is rich in phytoestrogens and antioxidant compounds that may assist in hormonal regulation and protection against oxidative stress. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of mulberry as a therapeutic alternative for relieving menopausal symptoms through an integrative literature review. The databases Periódicos Capes, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) were consulted, including studies published between 2019 and 2024 on the effects of Morus nigra and Morus alba, as well as research on bioavailability, safety, and innovative formulations. The results highlight that Morus species contain flavonoids, anthocyanins, and alkaloids with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and phytoestrogenic activities. Regular consumption of the plant, in the form of teas, capsules, or formulations such as gummies and mucoadhesive films, has shown benefits in reducing symptoms like hot flashes, insomnia, and mood swings. Additionally, mulberry exhibits antiglycation activity, which may help prevent metabolic complications associated with aging. Despite the promising results, the literature still lacks controlled clinical trials and standardized dosages, making it necessary to conduct more robust research to consolidate the use of Morus spp. in clinical practice.
Copyright (c) 2025 Renatta Cardoso da Silva, Lunalva Aurélio Pedroso Sallet, Kátia Paulino de Sousa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Quantification of free residual chlorine in the water supply of the municipality of Paraíso do Tocantins and evaluation of its efficiency in controlling microorganisms
The present work was aimed to quantify the free residual chlorine in the water supply network of Paraíso do Tocantins, evaluating its efficiency in controlling microorganisms, in order to verify whether the water supplied to the population meets the potability standards established by the Ministry of Health. To do so, initially, it was collected information regarding the water supply in the municipality from the City Hall and the concessionaire responsible for providing water services. With this information, a sampling plan was drawn up for the collection of water samples, defining 32 monitoring points distributed throughout all neighborhoods, for which water samples were collected in the months of March, May, September, and October 2024. For each sample collected were determined the concentration of free residual chlorine, total coliforms, and thermotolerant coliforms. The results indicated a decline in free residual chlorine concentration at several monitored points, signaling an inefficiency in the Paraíso do Tocantins water distribution system in maintaining chlorine residuals at appropriate concentrations, as recommended by law. This scenario may be influencing the entry of microorganisms into the water supply network.
Copyright (c) 2025 Thainara Lima Araújo, Rejane Freitas Benevides Almeida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perception and teacher training on ADHD in Professional and Technological Education: a snippet at the Federal Institute of Tocantins
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects different aspects of daily life, with academic performance being one of the most affected. In this scenario, teacher training is essential so that teachers can identify the disorder and adopt pedagogical practices suited to the educational needs of students with ADHD. However, studies reveal significant gaps in the training of teachers in Basic Education, including Professional and Technological Education (EPT), making it difficult to build inclusive practices. The aim of this study was to ascertain the perception of teachers working on technical courses integrated with high school at the Federal Institute of Tocantins – Pedro Afonso Campus about their level of knowledge about ADHD, as well as their access to initial and continuing education on the subject. This is a qualitative study based on documentary and bibliographic analysis and the use of an online questionnaire. Fifteen teachers took part and the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The results indicate that the most of teachers do not consider themselves sufficiently informed about the disorder, even those who have worked with students with ADHD. There were significant gaps in training and support for continuing education, with an emphasis on the need for practical approaches. The conclusion is that there is an urgent need to strengthen the theoretical and practical education of teachers, both initial and continuing, in order to guarantee inclusive pedagogical practices that meet the specific needs of students with ADHD in the context of EPT.
Copyright (c) 2025 Virgínia Céilia Benevides Holanda, Valci Ferreira Victor https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Impact of agricultural expansion on the demand for storage units and its relationship with soybean and maize production in the micro-regions of the state of Tocantins
The State of Tocantins stands out as the largest grain producer in Brazil's Northern Region, particularly of soya and maize, and is emerging as a new agricultural hub in the country owing to its significant potential for crop area expansion. However, the static storage capacity has not kept pace with the increase in production, leading to a growing annual deficit. This study aimed to analyse the impact of the growth in soya and maize production in Tocantins on the demand for storage infrastructure. To this end, existing storage units were mapped and their geographical distribution across the state's micro-regions was assessed, in order to understand the logistical challenges and identify gaps between agricultural expansion and the available infrastructure. A mixed-methods approach, both qualitative and quantitative, was adopted. The qualitative research addressed the dynamics of agribusiness and the role of grain storage units, whilst the quantitative analysis compared static capacity data with cultivation expansion. The data show that, from 2005 onwards, soya and maize production in Tocantins has surpassed the static storage capacity. As a result, it became evident that investment in infrastructure has not matched the significant expansion in production. It is concluded that only one of the state's eight micro-regions possesses a storage capacity greater than its soya and maize output.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ícaro Rocha Curcino, Helio Lopes Araújo, Elias Mendes Costa, Dianine Censon Lopes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Diagnosis of Basic Sanitation Services in Municipalities of the Interior of Maranhão
This article analyzes the conditions of basic sanitation in the Pindaré microregion, in Maranhão, highlighting the impacts of the precariousness of services on public healthon conditions. Through bibliographic and documentary review, it discusses inequality in access to water supply, sewage services, solid waste management, and urban drainage, especially in rural areas and urban peripheries. It highlights service shortcomings in the region, worsened by factors such as lack of urban planning, limited municipal budget capacity, and absence of updated data. Problems such as open-air dumps, raw sewage in rivers, and drainage deficiencies intensify socio-environmental vulnerability. The Pindaré River region, for example, suffers from water pollution and lack of sanitation infrastructure, directly affecting local quality of life. The study emphasizes the urgency of public investment, technical planning, effective regional policies, and sanitation education initiatives. It concludes that overcoming sanitation inequalities in Maranhão requires civil society engagement and integrated management that considers territorial specificities and promotes the universalization of services, as established in the Legal Framework for Sanitation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Thiago de Norões Albuquerque, Enio Costa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The escalation of the transformation of land functions into a financial asset in the MATOPIBA region, Brazil (1970–2022)
Agricultural modernization in Brazil has promoted profound socioeconomic and environmental transformations, beginning in Southern Brazil and progressively advancing across the Cerrado biome, between 1970 and 2022, especially from the second half of the 20th century onward, with strong encouragement from the federal government. In the country’s most recent agricultural frontier – the MATOPIBA region, which includes parts of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí, and Bahia – the Brazilian State’s delayed and selective involvement contributed to the intensification of land grabbing and the massive influx of foreign capital, turning land into a financial asset sought after by large international corporations. This article aims to analyze the logic of territorial occupation in MATOPIBA, highlighting the impacts of land financialization on its social, ecological, and productive functions. The methodology was based on a critical literature review, analysis of official documents, and interpretation of satellite imagery and vector data from MapBiomas Collection 8. The results are organized into four axes: the erosion of the social function of land under capital-driven logic; the shift from land as an object of human appropriation to a threatened ecological support; the financialization of land and its conversion into a speculative asset; and MATOPIBA as a concrete expression of territorial transformation driven by global agribusiness. It is concluded that land, as a financial asset, intensifies land concentration, marginalizes family farming, and expels rural populations, leading to urban inequalities and the worsening of food insecurity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Simonní Elias Furtado Leite, Maria Lígia Cassol Pinto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Portrait of the IF Catarinense Tourism Management Technology Course: reality, perceptions and perspectives
The work of a Federal Institute (IF) directly influences society through its graduates, research, outreach, and, above all, teaching. However, regarding the Tourism Management Program at IF Catarinense – Campus Sombrio, there is no systematic knowledge about its evolution, with data that could portray its organizational history. Data such as dropout rates, alumni performance, outreach, institutional partnerships, and other contributions are known but not systematically recorded. It is considered appropriate that, having reached more than a decade of operation in the Far South of Santa Catarina, through public higher education, build a collection of information that can highlight the program's trajectory and qualifications. The objective of this research is to present the trajectory and perceptions of social actors regarding the development process of the Technology in Tourism Management Program over its 10 years of operation. The investigation was conducted through documentary research and a survey of students, faculty, and alumni. The results highlighted gaps such as a significant dropout rate, lack of laboratory infrastructure, moderate employability, poor marketing, and low engagement with the regional trade. On the other hand, positive evaluations were also made, such as faculty qualifications, quality of instruction, technical trips, practical classes, and events. It can be concluded that systematically understanding the program's offerings, based on a diagnosis presented by faculty, students, and alumni, contributed significantly to decision-making regarding the identified gaps in the management of an undergraduate course.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Emília Martins da Silva Garbuio, Manuela de Oliveira Espíndula, Luana Paulino Luiz, Vitória de Souza Teixeira, Vinícius Ramos André https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Development of a virtual assistant as academic support for the Computer Science teaching degree program using customized generative AI and RAG
This article presents the development of a virtual assistant aimed at the bachelor's degree in Computing at the Federal Institute of Tocantins – Araguatins Campus, with the purpose of automating responses to frequently asked questions from the academic community. The initiative seeks to provide a faster and more accessible support channel, especially in contexts with limited human resources for continuous service. The solution uses Artificial Intelligence techniques, with large language models (LLM) for the contextualized generation of automatic responses. The system was integrated with WhatsApp, allowing users to ask questions and receive real-time responses based on pre-organized and validated institutional course documents. Methodologically, the approach adopted was retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), which combines the retrieval of relevant documents with the semantic representation of texts through embeddings. User queries are converted into vectors and compared to a vectorized database, enabling the retrieval of the most relevant content. The documents are organized and maintained on Google Drive, which facilitates their curation and continuous updating. The virtual assistant was designed to answer frequently asked questions (FAQ) from the academic community, covering topics ranging from basic information, such as curriculum structure, workload, and class schedules, to content extracted from more complex institutional documents, such as bylaws, regulations for final projects and internships, meeting minutes, public notices, and other internal rules of the course.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ronald Ruan Pereira Soares, Fábio Emanuell Abreu Cardoso, Nicolas Heitor Feitosa Costa, Ramasio Ferreira de Melo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The scale of encounter: the neighborhood as urban praxis
This article develops an analysis of the influence of urban design on the lived experience of its inhabitants, investigating the tension between the space conceived by planning and the territory lived by the population. Drawing on a theoretical dialogue with the humanist urbanism of Jan Gehl and the critical theory of the production of space of Henri Lefebvre, the objective is to examine how residents perceive, react to, and appropriate an urban design that inherits modernist precepts. The study delves into the case of Palmas (TO), a planned city, employing the participatory process of the Jardim Aureny IV Neighborhood Plan as a laboratory. It adopts a qualitative methodology that articulated the observation of workshops with documentary analysis. The results indicate a profound connection between the design's characteristics and daily conflicts: sectorization and urban voids are perceived as drivers of social fragmentation, while infrastructure precarity is directly associated with public health impacts. The analysis reveals that informal meeting spaces gain importance precisely where formal planning has failed. It is concluded that the participatory methodology, by giving voice to the community, proves to be a powerful diagnostic tool, exposing the mismatch between the urban form and life, and pointing to paths for their reconciliation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vanessa Cassol, João Aparecido Bazzoli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of Cashew Gum (Anacardium occidentale) as a biocoagulant in water treatment
To make water treatment more sustainable and economical, biopolymers have been studied as biocoagulants. These materials demonstrate excellent results when compared to conventional coagulants and flocculants. Cashew gum emerges as an alternative due to its properties such as abundance, easy isolation, and non-toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of cashew gum as a biocoagulant and flocculant in synthetic cloudy water, comparing its performance with the conventional coagulant aluminum sulfate in cloudy water with kaolin. The effectiveness of the isolated and combined substances was analyzed in a jar-test apparatus simulating the coagulation/flocculation stage. Turbidity and pH measurements were taken to determine the efficiency, optimal concentrations, and sedimentation time of the process. The tests demonstrated that the gum has an efficiency of approximately 90% over a wide pH range, with the combined materials, using a dosage of 2 mg/L of Cashew Gum, it was possible to reduce the amount of aluminum sulfate by 52%, requiring 12 mg/L for a removal of 98.43% of turbidity. Furthermore, sedimentation time was halved when cashew gum was applied in conjunction with aluminum sulfate, requiring 10 minutes to achieve a residual turbidity of 3.1 UNT, with an efficiency of 97.5%. It can be concluded that cashew gum is highly efficient in removing turbidity and can act as a flocculant, reducing the amount of metal coagulant required and the process time.
Copyright (c) 2025 João Luca Isidio de Oliveira Almeida, Henety Nascimento Pinheiro, Flávia Oliveira Monteiro da Silva Abreu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mapping of scientific production on tilapia in research and development institutions of the state of Tocantins (2020–2024)
This study analyzed the scientific production on tilapia in the state of Tocantins between 2020 and 2024, carried out by educational and research institutions such as the Federal Institute of Tocantins (IFTO), the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), the State University of Tocantins (Unitins), and the Federal University of Northern Tocantins (UFNT), with the aim of understanding the advances, gaps, and areas of concentration in the research developed. The methodology applied was a descriptive bibliometric analysis with a qualitative-quantitative approach, based on searches conducted in Google Scholar. After applying the defined selection criteria, 16 scientific articles produced by researchers affiliated with the aforementioned institutions from Tocantins were identified. The results show that research is concentrated in four thematic axes: Production Systems and Sustainability, Processing and Value Addition, Regional Development and Market, and Physiology and Animal Health. The most active institutions were IFTO, UFT, Embrapa, and Unitins. The most explored areas were production systems, sustainability, processing, and value addition, while physiology and animal health emerged as gaps. The integrated efforts of research and educational institutions have been crucial to fostering the tilapia production chain in Brazil’s youngest state, although challenges remain concerning industrialization, infrastructure, and value addition to products. Strengthening research at the state level is essential for tilapia farming in Tocantins to develop in a sustainable, inclusive, and competitive manner, especially in light of the recent authorization for the cultivation of this species in the region.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pollyana Alves de Araújo, Diego Neves de Sousa, Palloma Rosa Ferreira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Efficiency in focus: public management in the immediate geographical region of Amarante-Água Branca-Regeneração (PI)
The study aimed to analyze the efficiency of public spending in the municipalities of the Amarante–Água Branca–Regeneração Regional Area (RGI) of Piauí, from 2022 to 2023. This was done through segmented score assessments, the observation of determinants of municipal management effectiveness, and multiple linear regression to verify the influence of socioeconomic variables and financial expenditure on the overall IEGM score of these municipalities. The research, with a quantitative and explanatory approach, used the analysis of public secondary data, dividing the IEGM into Governance and Public Policy Axes and applying multiple linear regression. The data indicate that all 22 municipalities in the region showed deficiencies in management effectiveness, being classified with a C grade (low adequacy level) in the IEGM for both 2022 and 2023. It was found that municipal financial expenditure, HDI, and GDP per capita had no direct correlation with municipal effectiveness. The study provides a theoretical and practical contribution by analyzing the seven IEGM dimensions and relating predictive factors to the overall score of these municipalities, thereby offering regionally focused insights to support the pursuit of management effectiveness in small municipalities in Piauí.
Copyright (c) 2025 João Victor Ribeiro Vilanova, Léia Lima Soares https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Developing an educational product aimed at the Structuring Teaching Committees of Mathematics Teaching degree programs
In this article, we share some of the developments stemming from our experiences in a Professional Master’s degree program in the field of Science and Mathematics Teaching as well as the construction of an educational product designed to problematize the findings of a study on the Financial Education perspectives contained in Pedagogical Projects of Mathematics Teaching degree programs. The Educational Product, which targets professors participating in the Structuring Teaching Committees for Mathematics Teaching Degree Programs, stems from research that mapped the pedagogical projects of degree programs offered by Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology in the Brazilian south and southeast. While analyzing the documents, we identified some areas of concern, among which we highlight: (i) the lack of spaces for discussing Financial Education, (ii) the absence of reflective practices about ethical and social aspects related to Financial Education, (iii) the recommendation of bibliographic materials from fields of knowledge unrelated to Education and Teacher Training and (iv) limited integration of discussions that problematize future teachers’ practice in Basic Education in a post-training context. These factors were pivotal to the development of what we denominate as enhancing elements for fostering Financial Education in the context of mathematics teachers’ initial training.
Copyright (c) 2025 Caroline de Melo Ferreira, Enio Freire de Paula https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
International Relations Theories as instruments of domination: a critical analysis of (neo)realism and paths for the transformation of the field
International Relations theories gained particular prominence in the post-war and Cold War periods, reflecting a persistent quest for autonomy and distinction within the academic realm. During this moment, realist theories notably rose to dominance, offering interpretations of international relations while simultaneously shaping and legitimizing hegemonic relations of domination, predominantly underpinned by power dynamics favoring recognized hegemonic powers, notably the United States. This research critically examines the instrumental use of these mainstream theories to illustrate how these theories reinforce and perpetuate unequal and unjust global power structures. In addition to scrutinizing the limitations and inconsistencies of realism, alternative theoretical approaches, such as critical perspectives in International Relations, are explored. These alternatives go beyond mere description and reproduction of power relations to interrogate their origins and consequences, thereby facilitating avenues for change. The study is structured into three main sections: an introduction to the field of International Relations and its challenges, a detailed exploration of critical theory as a counterpoint to realism, and a specific analysis of (neo)realist assumptions and their contemporary implications. Ultimately, this study aims to contribute for possibilities of transformation within the discipline of International Relations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Heitor Novelini da Cruz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ShowWay – Electronic vest to assist visually impaired people in moving around independently in accessible environments
For individuals without disabilities, technology makes tasks easier; for individuals with disabilities, it makes them possible (Radabaugh, 1993). The inclusion of visually impaired individuals in institutional or corporate environments requires adaptations and assistance to ensure accessibility and autonomy. This project was designed to develop an electronic vest to assist in the autonomous mobility of visually impaired individuals in accessible environments. Using the Arduino platform, the project is based on Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and Assistive Technologies (AT), including sensors and Android applications, in order to provide greater mobility and autonomy. The development of the prototype involved three main stages: implementation of the hardware platform, programming of the sensors, and communication of data via an Android application with headphones. The project aims to promote inclusion, accessibility, and quality of life for visually impaired individuals at the Palmas campus, of the Federal Institute of Tocantins – IFTO.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gerson Pesente Focking, Warley Gramacho da Silva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Rubber crisis and the expansion of the Assemblies of God in Brazil: between migration, unemployment, and narratives of calling
This article analyzes the formation and institutionalization of the Assemblies of God in Brazil, focusing on swedish migration and the events that marked the expansion of Pentecostalism in the country, such as the rubber crisis and the Fordlândia project. Through a critical reading of the trajectory of missionaries Gunnar Vingren and Daniel Berg, the traditional narrative of their "divine calling" is questioned, proposing that their arrival in Brazil was also related to a religious and economic migration movement. The article highlights the 1930 convention, where a significant divergence arose between the Swedes, who advocated for the autonomy of local churches, and the Brazilian pastors, who sought unification and the creation of a national convention. The study argues that these tensions were decisive for the construction of the Assemblies of God's institutional identity, reflecting the social and cultural influences of the time and the denomination’s adaptation to the Brazilian context.
Copyright (c) 2025 Célio César de Aguiar Lima https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Home composting: training sustainability multipliers
The objective was to describe and analyze the results of a training course on household composting aimed at preparing participants to become multipliers of sustainable practices. Integrated within a broader research, teaching, and extension project, the course sought to raise awareness and train scholarship holders, volunteers, and members of the academic community on the proper management of organic waste, using composting as a central tool. The methodology included dynamic and hands-on activities, as well as the assembly of household composters using accessible materials. The adopted approach fostered participant interaction and contributed to effective and engaging learning. Surveys conducted before and after the course demonstrated the positive impact of the initiative: 65% of participants reported feeling prepared to start composting at home, and 79% rated the content as excellent. Furthermore, the course encouraged the production of academic materials and scientific dissemination, reinforcing the importance of environmental education within the university setting. The results indicate that such initiatives are effective in promoting environmental awareness, encouraging student engagement, and expanding the spread of sustainable practices in everyday life. Among the main suggestions for future editions are increasing the course duration, expanding practical activities, replicating the training in schools and communities, and conducting follow-up evaluations to assess the consolidation of acquired knowledge and long-term impacts. Household composting proved to be a viable and educational alternative for waste reuse, strengthening the link between theory and practice and contributing to the reduction of environmental impacts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mauricio Dumont Ferreira Sousa, Janaina dos Santos Mendes, Jolene Rodrigues Lopes, José Cláudio Ferreira dos Reis Júnior, Rose Caldas de Souza Meira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Digital governance: a strategy for the success of digital transformation in federal public education
This study analyzes the importance of digital governance (DG) maturity as a critical factor for the success of digital transformation in Brazilian Federal Higher Education Institutions (IFEs). The investigated problem focuses on the low maturity of Information Technology (IT) governance in public organizations, a situation exacerbated in IFEs by the challenges of multicampus decentralization, budgetary constraints, and the shortage of qualified professionals. The general objective was to critically analyze the implementation of a digital governance model in the federal public education sector. The research is justified by the need to adapt consolidated frameworks to the specificities of IFEs, in line with the guidelines of the Federal Digital Government Strategy (EFDG). The Design Science Research (DSR) method was employed with a qualitative approach, in an applied study involving a longitudinal case study (2018–2024) conducted in an IFE located in the northern region of the country. The results revealed significant progress in IT maturity. Among the main advances achieved are: the formalization of an IT governance model; the creation of the IT Steering Committee; the institutionalization of policies, standards, plans, processes, and practices; the strengthening of information security; and improvements in the execution of institutional plans. The solution proposed in this study proved to be both feasible and effective, with potential for replication in other IFEs, thereby contributing to the sustainable digital transformation of federal public education and providing relevant support for broader digital transformation initiatives.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fabiana Ferreira Cardoso, Kleyton Matos Moreira, Ronaldo Vasconcelos Parente https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Educational innovation under scrutiny: Public Administration policies and actions
Educational innovation has become a central axis for addressing the pedagogical, technological, and social challenges of the 21st century. Educational institutions must embrace innovation as a shared construction, the result of the joint involvement of teachers, school leadership teams, students, and families (Fullan, 2002; Bolívar, 2010). Despite the numerous initiatives driven by schools, there is still a lack of empirical evidence that allows for an in-depth understanding of these experiences, particularly in some Spanish regions such as Murcia, which remains underrepresented in national studies. This paper focuses on the analysis of two innovation calls promoted by the Regional Ministry of Education and Vocational Training during the 2024/2025 academic year. These include 35 innovation projects funded in Early Childhood and Primary Education schools, along with 19 schools involved in the training plan “Innovation Community.” The findings show that these innovation initiatives developed in the schools of this autonomous community share common objectives: fostering pupil participation, developing digital and communication skills, stimulating critical and creative thinking, promoting inclusion, and facilitating pupils’ integration. These objectives reflect a holistic educational vision aimed at creating inclusive, participatory school environments that are responsive to contemporary demands.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mónica Vallejo-Ruiz, Abraham Bernárdez-Gómez, Ana Torres-Soto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Oral health and quality of life among students from a public school in Palmas - TO
Adolescence is a phase marked by significant changes that directly influence physical, psychological, functional, and social aspects. This study aimed to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life of adolescents from a public school in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil, and to compare it with the students’ socioeconomic vulnerability. The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) was used as a research instrument to assess the impact of oral health problems on the individual's life. It consists of 14 items covering seven dimensions: functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability, and handicap. The questionnaire was administered to 284 high school students aged 14 to 19 from the Federal Institute of Tocantins – Palmas Campus. For analysis purposes, students were divided into two groups: those who receive support from the National Student Assistance Program (PNAES) and those who do not. Variables included impact prevalence and socioeconomic condition. The form was completed anonymously in digital format. Results showed that the “Physical pain” and “Psychological discomfort” dimensions were the most affected by oral and/or joint problems in both groups. The total OHIP-14 score ranges from 0 to 56, with a mean of 9.1 for the PNAES group and 7.9 for the non-PNAES group. It was concluded that oral health-related quality of life was not associated with the students’ socioeconomic vulnerability, and both groups of adolescents showed a low impact of oral health on quality of life.
Copyright (c) 2025 Evelyn Cândida Alves Silva Mendes , Larissa Cirqueira de Carvalho, Pollyanna de Ulhôa Santos , Sara Rodrigues Renovato https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Applications of 3D printing in the manufacturing of molds for injection molding of thermoplastics: a literature review
Additive manufacturing, especially 3D printing, has emerged as an innovative solution for producing injection molds for thermoplastics, enabling time and cost reduction and greater design flexibility. This study presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) aiming to analyze the contributions, limitations, and trends of this technology in the industrial context. The methodology followed the PRISMA 2020 protocol, ensuring rigor in the selection and analysis of data. The search was conducted in the ResearchGate, Portal de Periódicos CAPES, IBICT, SciELO Brasil, UFSC Institutional Repository, and ScienceDirect databases, using keywords such as "3D printing", "rapid tooling", and "injection molding". Initially, 100 studies were identified; after abstract screening, 35 were pre-selected and, following inclusion criteria that considered works published between 2015 and 2025 in English or Portuguese focused on the manufacturing of molds or cavities by 3D printing for thermoplastic injection, 10 studies were selected for final analysis, excluding works outside the scope, incomplete, or duplicated. The results show that 3D printing enables rapid prototyping, hybrid mold fabrication, integration of conformal cooling channels, and the use of recycled materials, bringing gains in efficiency, sustainability, and production flexibility. Despite advances, gaps remain in durability, thermal resistance, methodological standardization, and economic evaluation, indicating the need for further studies to consolidate the application of additive manufacturing in tooling on an industrial scale.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ana Clara Souto de Souza, Lia Paletta Benatti, Artur Caron Mottin, Eduardo Cassiano Santos David https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Reflecting higher education: an approach in the light of Amartya Sen developmental theory
This article presents a discussion on higher education as a factor of development, anchoring itself in the theoretical framework of Amartya Sen’s capabilities approach. This theoretical perspective adopts an expanded view of development that transcends the strict focus on economic growth (such as GDP) to value individuals’ substantive freedoms and well-being. The research that originated this work is the result of a doctoral investigation, which aimed to analyze the correlation between higher education and social development. The methodology used was based on a case study with the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT) Arraias Campus as the empirical locus. This methodological choice aimed to investigate the university’s impact in a specific context—the Southeast of Tocantins—a region marked by socioeconomic asymmetries and low levels of job and income generation, according to the Firjan Municipal Development Index (IFDM). The research results reveal the fundamental role of higher education as a mechanism for transforming human capabilities. By guaranteeing the right to access knowledge, the university helps individuals exercise their autonomy and freedom, becoming an element of great prominence for weakening narratives of low progress and for human emancipation. The study concludes that higher education should be viewed as a way to enhance human capabilities, such as creativity and critical reflection, and to act as a tool for inclusion and social protection in vulnerable regions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maurício Reis Sousa do Nascimento, José Carlos Rothen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Naming is remembering: female toponymy as a space of resistance and memory in schools of Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil
Place names are key cultural references that reveal how communities express language, identity, politics, and social structures over time. This study examines female toponyms used to name schools in Palmas, the capital of the Brazilian state of Tocantins, as well as the political, sociocultural, and gender-related factors that shaped these designations. The article analyses how female toponymy in educational institutions reflects power relations, memory, and identity within the local context, and how these names help highlight women’s roles in the region’s history and culture. The study follows Dick’s (1990) inductive onomasiological method and draws on the theoretical and methodological contributions of Dick (2002, 2006), Seabra (2006), Nader (2007), Andrade (2010), and Araújo (2013). Foucault’s (1979) and Scott’s (1995) frameworks support the discussion on gender issues, complemented by the contributions of De las Heras Aguilera (2009), Saini (2024), and other contemporary authors. From a corpus of 80 educational institutions, 21 names referring to women were identified. The findings indicate that naming schools after women serves as a meaningful strategy to promote gender equity, cultural diversity, and social inclusion in the toponymy of Tocantins’ capital.
Copyright (c) 2025 Naelana Rodrigues Pereira, Karylleila dos Santos Andrade https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Fraud in public tenders, control mechanisms and impacts
Considering that the Public Administration needs to meet various demands of society, it acquires benefits and contracts services through public bidding. However, there are frauds in these contracts. The study of fraud in public tenders, the control mechanisms and their impacts is important considering the various cases of diversion of public resources, the impacts caused and the need for monitoring. The general objective of work is to study fraud in public tenders and the impacts caused to the Public Administration and society. With a specific objective, it is an analysis of the control mechanisms against fraud in public tenders and their effectiveness. The research methodology carried out was a systematic literature review. As a result, it is assumed that the main types of fraud in public tenders are the presentation of false documents, absence or poor advertising, illegal direct contracting, creation of a cartel, direction of tender, overpricing, overpricing and violation of the proposal. As many years of control mechanisms, it was presented to the Controladoria-Geral da União, or Tribunal de Contas da União, to the Law of Combat against Administrative Improbity, among others. In conclusion, there are regulations against fraud in public administration, but these mechanisms still do not completely prevent fraud.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lucas Duarte de Matos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0