Agentes inteligentes en la enseñanza de la programación

una revisión sistemática de la literatura

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47236/2594-7036.2026.v10.2114

Palabras clave:

Agentes inteligentes, Aprendizaje de programación, Inteligencia artificial, Revisión sistemática, Tecnologías educativas

Resumen

La enseñanza de la programación, especialmente en los cursos introductorios, se ha asociado históricamente con altas tasas de deserción y dificultades de aprendizaje, derivadas de la elevada carga cognitiva y de la limitación de soporte individualizado. En este contexto, se ha propuesto el uso de agentes inteligentes como estrategia para apoyar el proceso de aprendizaje. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el uso de estos agentes en la enseñanza de la programación entre 2020 y 2025. La metodología consistió en una revisión sistemática de la literatura, realizada en las bases de datos ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Scopus y Web of Science, lo que resultó en 573 registros iniciales. Tras la eliminación de duplicados y a aplicación de los criterios de elegibilidad, 81 estudios compusieron el corpus final. Los resultados evidencian una transición de los sistemas tutores basados en reglas a agentes fundamentados en modelos de lenguaje a gran escala, acompañada por la ampliación de sus funciones pedagógicas, con destaque para la generación de pistas, explicación de errores y soporte adaptativo. Se observan ganancias en desempeño y compromiso de los estudiantes, aunque persisten limitaciones relacionadas con la dependencia excesiva y la confiabilidad de las respuestas generadas. Se concluye que el uso de agentes inteligentes no se limita a un avance tecnológico, sino que implica una reconfiguración de las prácticas pedagógicas, marcada por la tensión entre la asistencia automatizada y el desarrollo de la autonomía del estudiante.

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Biografía del autor/a

Beatriz Borges de Oliveira, Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul

Estudiante de grado en Ingeniería de Computación en el Campus Três Lagoas del Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Correo electrónico: beatriz.oliveira5@estudante.ifms.edu.br. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6824-8383. Currículum Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/8083451321671636.

Rogério Alves dos Santos Antoniassi, Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul

Máster en Ciencias de la Computación por la Universidad Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Profesor del área de Ciencias de la Computación de la Educación Básica, Técnica y Tecnológica del Campus Três Lagoas del Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Correo electrónico: rogerio.antoniassi@ifms.edu.br. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5242-3678. Currículum Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/9378799635475932.

Alex Fernando de Araujo, Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul

Máster en Ciencias de la Computación por la Universidad Estatal Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”. Profesor del área de Ciencias de la Computación de la Educación Básica, Técnica y Tecnológica del Campus Três Lagoas del Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Correo electrónico: alex.araujo@ifms.edu.br. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1464-3229. Currículum Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1438908573766889.

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2026-08-24

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OLIVEIRA, Beatriz Borges de; ANTONIASSI, Rogério Alves dos Santos; ARAUJO, Alex Fernando de. Agentes inteligentes en la enseñanza de la programación: una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Revista Sítio Novo, Palmas, v. 10, p. e2114, 2026. DOI: 10.47236/2594-7036.2026.v10.2114. Disponível em: https://sitionovo.ifto.edu.br/index.php/sitionovo/article/view/2114. Acesso em: 27 ago. 2026.

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