A  desfolha artificial no milho: estresses bióticos e abióticos e seus impactos na produtividade

Suanny Letícia Marinho Ribeiro; Edmar Vinicius de Carvalho; Patrícia Resplandes da Rocha Santos; João Paulo de Oliveira Santos; Viviane Luz Coelho; Marcelo Carvalho da Silva

doi:10.47236/2594-7036.2026.v10.1880

Authors

Suanny Letícia Marinho Ribeiro Federal Institute of Tocantins https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2792-4188
Edmar Vinicius de Carvalho Federal Institute of Tocantins https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4563-2015
Patrícia Resplandes da Rocha Santos Federal Institute of Tocantins https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1388-0222
João Paulo de Oliveira Santos Federal Institute of Mato Grosso https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1826-1746
Viviane Luz Coelho Federal Institute of Tocantins https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2518-4625
Marcelo Carvalho da Silva Federal Institute of Tocantins https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0509-335X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47236/2594-7036.2026.v10.1880

Keywords:

Leaf area, Source-sink, Zea mays

Abstract

Corn is one of the main agricultural crops grown in worldwide, widely used in industry. Productivity is strongly influenced by environmental and physiological factors, especially during the reproductive period, when the plant becomes highly sensitive to stress. Among these, the importance of leaf area stands out, responsible for photosynthesis and the supply of photoassimilates to the reserve organs, especially the ears. The objective was to evaluate different levels of artificial defoliation, R2 stage,in corn and their impacts on productivity. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with five treatments: control (no defoliation), defoliation of the lower third, the middle third, the upper third, and total defoliation. The following variables were evaluated: ear insertion height, ear length and diameter, thousand-grain weight, and productivity. The results indicated that total defoliation completely compromised the plant's reproductive development, resulting in a lack of production. Defoliation in the upper (3,488 kg/ha) and intermediate (2,925 kg/ha) thirds also negatively affected yield components, with decreases of approximately 45% and 53.8%. On the other hand, defoliation in the lower third (5,940 kg/ha) showed no statistical difference compared to the control (6,330 kg/ha), with a reduction of only 6.16% for most parameters analyzed. It is concluded that preserving the leaf area of the upper and intermediate parts of the plant is essential for supplying assimilates during grain filling, thus ensuring greater productivity.

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Author Biographies

Suanny Letícia Marinho Ribeiro, Federal Institute of Tocantins

Bachelor's degree in Agricultural Engineering from the Federal Institute of Tocantins. Technical Sales Assistant at BionD. Lagoa da Confusão, Tocantins, Brazil. Email address: suannyleticia3@gmail.com. Orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2792-4188. Lattes Curriculum: https://lattes.cnpq.br/4965990449647859.

Edmar Vinicius de Carvalho, Federal Institute of Tocantins

PhD in Plant Production from the Federal University of Tocantins. Professor of Agronomy in Basic, Technical, and Technological Education at the Lagoa da Confusão Campus of the Federal Institute of Tocantins. Lagoa da Confusão, Tocantins, Brazil. Email: edmar.carvalho@ifto.edu.br. Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4563-2015. Lattes Curriculum: https://lattes.cnpq.br/0048725540386666.

Patrícia Resplandes da Rocha Santos, Federal Institute of Tocantins

PhD in Plant Production from the Federal University of Tocantins. Professor of Agronomy in Basic, Technical, and Technological Education at the Lagoa da Confusão Campus of the Federal Institute of Tocantins. Lagoa da Confusão, Tocantins, Brazil. Email address: patricia.santos@ifto.edu.br. Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1388-0222. Lattes Curriculum: http://lattes.cnpq.br/8205430129643151.

João Paulo de Oliveira Santos, Federal Institute of Mato Grosso

PhD in Agronomy from the Federal University of Paraíba. Professor of Agronomy in Basic, Technical, and Technological Education at the Confresa Campus of the Federal Institute of Mato Grosso. Confresa, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Email address: paulo.oliveira@ifmt.edu.br. Orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1826-1746. Lattes Curriculum: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1399888363177878.

Viviane Luz Coelho, Federal Institute of Tocantins

Agricultural Technician from the Federal Institute of Tocantins. Undergraduate student in Agricultural Engineering at the Lagoa da Confusão Campus of the Federal Institute of Tocantins. Lagoa da Confusão, Tocantins, Brazil. Email address: viviane.coelho2@estudante.ifto.edu.br. Orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2518-4625. Lattes Curriculum: https://lattes.cnpq.br/1428128775515242.

Marcelo Carvalho da Silva, Federal Institute of Tocantins

Environmental Technician from the Federal Institute of Tocantins. Currently studying Agricultural Engineering at the Lagoa da Confusão Campus of the Federal Institute of Tocantins. Lagoa da Confusão, Tocantins, Brazil. Email address: mcarvalhos003@gmail.com. Orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0509-335X. Lattes Curriculum: https://lattes.cnpq.br/4345671849325616.

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